21 Mart 2016 Pazartesi

Being an Academic/Writer in Turkey and Its Possible Consequences Today




One of the best excuses for procrastination when it comes to creative or academic writing is overwork. You convince yourself and others that you are too busy to write anything meaningful or smart. In fact, you know darn well that there are other reasons for not being able to write but to cover it with your ever-growing projects is a commonly embraced and accepted strategy. I work a lot, and there have been some side-projects that came out from nowhere but I love them. However, psychological outcomes of the political atmosphere and the numbing effect of the several suicide bombers' massacres in Turkey have also been among the major reasons for my writer's block. The incident that remains the closest to my mind and life is the one which came to be known as the "Petition for Peace". In short, it was composed in response to the violence in the conflict between state security forces and PKK in mostly Kurdish populated southeastern region. The petition, headlined "We Will Not Be a Party to This Crime", demands an end to curfews, deportations, and violence. It simply calls for a resumption of peace talks. The text is allegedly criminal under Article 301 of the constitution, which prohibits "insulting the State of the Republic of Turkey" and Article 7 of the Law to Combat Terrorism which prohibits terrorist propaganda aimed at inciting hatred and enmity among the public. For more details, feel free to check out another colleague’s blog:
http://ebruerdemakcay.com/2016/01/16/solidarity-with-academics-for-peace/
Yesterday, I read the background stories of the three academics who are now behind the bars in a state prison to their own shock. The piece was prepared by an old friend who has been conducting wonderful interviews and well-researched commentaries on the current events and figures in Turkey in Cumhuriyet Newspaper: Zeynep Miraç. You may have already heard of the peace-petition scandal and the shrunken room (as if we are placed in a Poe or Kafka story) of the freedom of expression in Turkey. I am aware that it is nothing new, but the randomness and the absurdity of the investigations and detentions have never been so explicit.
I chose to translate the first section of Zeynep Miraç's essay entitled "Three Lives Full of Labor" which narrates some selected highlights from Esra Mungan's life story. It goes without saying that my sympathies and support extend to Muzaffer Kaya and Kıvanç Ersoy as well. I hope that they would not accuse me of favoritism since I chose the female academic at the university where I am both alumni and occasionally an adjunct instructor. I also hope that Zeynep will be tolerant of my careful shortening of some sections while translating:
Assistant Prof. Esra Mungan was born in 1968. Her father İhsan Mungan was a professor of architecture. The family is originally from Mardin. She finished German High School in Istanbul and graduated from Psychology Department at Bogazici University where she was teaching until she got arrested. She completed her MA and PhD in Washington DC. She is known as a cheerful and energetic instructor and is favored by many students.  One of her main interests is cinema. She loves the world cinema and Bertolucci’s 1900 has a special place in her memory. She would watch any movie directed by Sokurov and Zvyagintsev. The culture of Russian cinema influenced her deeply. Her office is full of movie posters. She is known by cycling to everywhere and wearing t-shirts even when the weather is cold, a habit from her years spent in the US, where the indoors are heated way too much for her standards.  Her other 'weird' habit from the US was cycling. She was well-known for commuting by her bicycle in the crazy Istanbul traffic for 10 years until she got a spinal disc problem.

Esra Mungan wants her students to share her enthusiasm toward the courses she offers. She is in favour of getting rid of hierarchies regarding the student-instructor relationship. She addresses her students in the formal 'you' in Turkish (siz) and never uses her right to grant grades as a trump card to pressure students. She claims that it is the Bogazici University culture which makes this form of setting possible. When she described Bogazici University with the words "freedom" and "confidence" in an interview for Time Out magazine in 2010, she had no idea that she would be arrested for signing a petition for demanding peace but backed up strongly by the university administration in the times of witch-hunting in Turkey.

(My note: In fact, the University President Gülay Barbarosoglu requested a meeting with the İstanbul Chief Prosecution (March 16) and it was reported that her request of trial without arrest for Mungan has been received favourably. See: https://bianet.org/english/freedom-of-expression/173098-arrested-academic-esra-mungan-we-stand-by-our-word)

Ms Mungan confesses that she doesn't like to grade papers and that reading articles gets boring occasionally because she feels that the student papers reflect the lack of expressing oneself properly due to the education system which has been favoring multiple choice exams. The worst thing however was to force oneself to become a "detective" against plagiarism.

In another interview for Hurriyet newspaper in 2009, Mungan criticized the education system in Turkey: "It does not provide the very basic values of universal ethics such as honesty and fairness for all." Was she wrong?

After being arrested, she sent a message in which universality is once again underlined:

"We, who long for peace despite all intimidations and oppressions, continue standing by our words".
Upon a request from its author Ece Temelkuran, I am re-visiting the novel Devir (which is in the process of being translated into English as Time of the Mute Swans), set in Ankara, and it takes place during some turbulent times between 1971 and 1980 when two coups d’états took place in Turkey. When combined with what we have been going through nowadays in Turkey, the novel's effect is indeed gloomy and moving because the reader realizes that the past three generations of Turkey have been wallowing in the similar muddy waters of politics and suffering from the mismanagement of clumsy politicians. The ethnicity issues and the strong prejudices between the secular and the 'religious' (very problematic way to define a group, I know) people of Turkey have only been worse. The people who are in defense of minority and women's rights have been systematically oppressed and the punishment appears in different forms ranging from physical torture in prisons to defamation in the workplace or the neighborhood.
Overwork may work for some of us. It helps us to forget or temporally blind ourselves but it doesn't solve any of the current or the past problems that we are forced to live in. How can we absolve ourselves in this dark picture? What if we have indeed tried hard to change the system and failed more than once? How do we define 'hard' ? What is the straw that breaks the camel's back for you?
These are some of the questions which we as citizens of this country have to work through on an everyday basis. There are more. I personally appreciate the international support of my friends and colleagues, and do not shy away from reaching out. We have a Turkish expression that I dislike a lot: "Kol kırılır, yen içinde kalır" = "A broken arm should remain inside the sleeve" which equals to saying: Don't air dirty laundry in public. So tell me then, what should I do if the private space I was given has become so small that I cannot no longer air or do any laundry in that tiny room?


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